The Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution was adopted.
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The Niagara Movement — starting as a conference of Black leaders in upstate New York — was formed, paving the way for the creation of the NAACP.
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Schoolteacher Elizabeth Jennings Graham successfully challenged racist streetcar policies in New York City.
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Elizabeth Mumbet Freeman won her freedom after she got an attorney and filed a “freedom suit” under the 1780 State Constitution for Massachusetts.
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Book — Non-fiction. By Lerone Bennett Jr. 1967. 426 pages.
A bottom-up, student friendly text about the people's history of Reconstruction.
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Abraham Lincoln issued the preliminary Emancipation Proclamation.
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Book — Non-fiction. By Khaled Beydoun. 2018. 264 pages.
Describes the many ways in which law, policy, and official state rhetoric fueled the resurgence of Islamophobia in the United States
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Deadly election “riots” took place in Barbour County, Alabama against African American politicians and voters.
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Sergeant Edgar Caldwell, a Black man, was hanged before a crowd of spectators in the yard of the Calhoun County jail for riding in a white streetcar.
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J. C. Farmer, a 19-year-old African American WWII veteran, was killed by a mob of 20 white men.
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The Georgia Constitutional Convention was held with 33 African Americans and 137 white attendees.
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P. B. S. Pinchback of Louisiana became the second Black governor in the United States.
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After a 381-day boycott, a federal ruling declared the Alabama laws requiring segregated buses to be unconstitutional.
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The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution, known as the United States Bill of Rights, were ratified.
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Hundreds of Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party supporters went to support the Challenge to the seating of the Mississippi delegation.
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Julian Bond was finally sworn in as a member of the Georgia House of Representatives.
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The Mississippi Constitution was one of the first pieces of legislation that provided a uniform system of free public education for children regardless of race.
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Congressman Thaddeus Stevens offered an amendment to the Freedmen's Bureau Bill to authorize the distribution of public land.
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Senator Joseph McCarthy delivered a speech at the McLure Hotel during which he claimed to hold a list of known communists in the U.S. State Department.
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