When the “Fort Hood 43” refused to board a plane to Chicago for riot-control duty against fellow African Americans, their non-violent act became one of the largest demonstrations of dissent in U.S. military history.
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Italian-born immigrants, workers, and anarchists Sacco and Vanzetti were executed in Boston, Massachusetts.
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U.S. scientist and women’s rights activist Eunice Newton Foote confirmed Fourier’s theory that atmospheric gases like carbon dioxide trap heat in the atmosphere, a phenomenon that would come to be known as the “greenhouse effect.”
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Mrs. Fannie Lou Hamer, and the other members of the MFDP at the Democratic National Convention, questioned the nation about the lack of “one person, one vote” in the United States.
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Elizabeth Mumbet Freeman won her freedom after she got an attorney and filed a “freedom suit” under the 1780 State Constitution for Massachusetts.
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Twenty anti-war protesters were arrested for breaking into selective service offices and destroying draft records.
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Five Black men were arrested for staging a peaceful sit-in at the Alexandria “public” library that denied access to African Americans, making this the anniversary of one of the earliest instances of this form of non-violent protest that became popular in the mid-20th century.
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Nathaniel Turner launched one of the most historic revolts to end enslavement.
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Jonathan Myrick Daniels was shot dead in broad daylight in Lowndes County after being released from jail for picketing stores that denied entry to African Americans.
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On or about Aug. 20, 1619, the documented arrival of Africans—stolen from their homelands and brought to British North America—occurred at Point Comfort.
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Clara Luper and the NAACP Youth Council began sit-ins to desegregate lunch counters.
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Democratically elected Iranian Premier Mohammad Mossadegh was removed from power in a coup.
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Anti-apartheid activist Steve Biko was arrested at a police roadblock in South Africa.
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This was the largest uprising of the enslaved against their British overseers in Guyana. The uprising was ended after a few days, though it served as a catalyst for the abolition of slavery in British colonies soon thereafter.
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Two striking United Farm Workers (UFW) were killed on Aug. 15 and 17, 1973, while picketing.
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Paul Robeson lost his court appeal to have the U.S. State Department grant him a passport.
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Nine volunteers were arrested for sharing food and literature at Golden Gate Park.
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Joan Little used deadly force to resist sexual assault and was the first to successfully defend herself in court leading to acquittal.
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Eatonville, Florida is the oldest Black-incorporated municipality in the United States, incorporated toward the end of the Reconstruction era.
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White mobs in Cincinnati, Ohio, rioted for a week, assaulting the city’s Black residents and destroying their property .
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