As teachers, our aim is to provide [students] with the tools that they can then use to make their own judgements, and that’s what Zinn was about…providing a basis for critical thinking, and as teachers,that’s what we always do.

Holtzman and Roth discuss Howard Zinn’s impact on their lives, his impact on students, and how Roth provides historical context to current events using the earthquake in Haiti as an example.

Zinn’s approach to teachers was to honor teachers, to work with teachers, and to have dialogue with teachers and that was appreciated.

Roth describes Zinn’s impact on teaching history by providing a full view of historical moments.

There are many, many times where you have the choice of being honest with students or backing off. I think the more times you are real and honest and take risks, the better you are as a teacher.

Roth discusses why it’s important for teachers to not compromise their values. He recounts the story of a Filipina student who questioned why there was no mention of the U.S. war with the Philippines in the school textbook. Roth assigned her an independent study project that has had a resounding impact throughout her life.

I think that if you’re afraid to challenge some of the fundamentals of the mainstream view of American history, you’re dancing around reality.

Roth gives an example of how people’s history resources fill the textbook void about his students’ histories; how he keeps it fresh; and why it’s necessary to give a full perspective about so-called icons and heroes.